ABSTRACT
This study was aimed to investigate the Impediments of leadership on organizational performance at Premier hospital. The findings of the study underline the significance of democratic leadership in terms of its positive correlation with employees’ job performance. Contrary to this, in the study autocratic leadership was found to have negative association with employees’ job performance. The study also points out the major leadership impediments such as workers’ inclination to stick to old habits and their tendency of change resistance. As shown in the study, the hospital tried its best to tackle the stated challenges through different mechanisms like rewarding, assessing the degree and effectiveness of the outcomes against the pre-fixed goals and motivating soundly integrated teamwork. However, though these remedies contribute much to the well-being of the hospital, they alone couldn’t make it attain the intended target. This is because the hospital’s initiation and commitment to involve employees at different level (particularly the subordinates) in its goal setting, authority delegation, team formation, administer coaching and manner of communicating the established vision is weak. Therefore, on the basis of the findings of the study, it was recommended that the concerned bodies should strive for applying democratic leadership style in line with giving ample space for employees to engage in various Premier Hospitalases (from planning to practicing) of the hospital’s activities. The researcher used descriptive type of research. In order to strengthen the findings of the study, an attempt was made to implement both primary and secondary data. The principal instrument applied in this research was questionnaire; thus, structured questionnaires were distributed for 43 supervisory and 264 non-supervisory employees of the hospital and the response rate was 93% supervisory and 91% non- supervisory employees. Consequently, the data were analyzed and interpreted quantitatively. Therefore, further study is needed to analyze the relationship of leadership style, leadership performance and employees attitude in private hospitals in Nigeria.
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
Today, all hospitals in Nigeria are in higher competition. Premier hospital is one of the private hospitals under this competition and in need of change, transformation and demanding employees who go extra-miles. As a result, all of these extra-effort exerted by individual workers, in aggregation, can add value on the overall organizational performance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the Impediments of leadership on organizational performance at Premier hospital. The study analyzed the leadership style, effectiveness of the current leaders, leadership impediments, and employee’s attitude towards the currently practiced leadership style within the hospital.
1.1. Back ground of the study
Robert J (2003) stated that organizational leadership does not mean having a boss thinking of a command and then watch as it is filtered throughout the rank. Organizational leadership, instead, is the ability of management to understand its employees and company’s goals enough to bring everyone together. Furthermore, Robert J (2003) observes that frequently an organization with excellent leadership will have employees who feel that their opinions are valued and that their work is highly important to the shared success of the whole organization. Hersey and Blanchard (1988) argue that at least equal emphasis must be given to improving the quality of leadership if business is to succeed in achieving greater employee commitment and thereby its profitability.
After managers setup a firm’s operations strategy organizing the work and responsibilities, and staffing those operations, they turn their attention to everyday activities. This ongoing behavior of individual people carrying out various tasks enables the firm to accomplish its objectives. Getting those people to perform their jobs efficiently and effectively is at the heart of the manager’s challenge. The task of helping employees realize their highest potential in the work place is the essence of leadership. The goal of every leader is to achieve the organization’s objectives. Today’s global managers realize that increased competition requires them to be open to change and to rethink their old culturally conditioned modes of leadership (Helen Deresky 2006).
Currently, organizations all over the world are trying to be more competitive by investing on improving their leadership styles. In different circumstances researchers have examined the features and developments of organizational leadership; their studies imply that it (or organizational leadership) entertains some weaknesses in various institutions. Moreover, the degree and intensity of its drawbacks become strong when we see the situations in developing countries.
Since the new millennium, organizations’ experience has been improved, and the philosophy of leadership has also been changed to meet more changing needs of business. Literature found that some leadership styles that worked in the past may no longer be appropriate for this new age, while companies are investing large amounts of money in the hunt of leadership success.
Leadership is very importance in today’s economy (Bennis & Nanus (1985) suggest that leaders learn best from leading in through adversity. They create the climate of the organization and are responsible for bringing about change within it.
Being an employee of the hospital the researcher has attentively observed its remarkable achievements for some years. However, he strongly argues that the hospital could have enjoyed more success than the indicated ones if some improvements had been made on some aspects of the hospital’s activities. And he believes that among the different duties of the hospital, organizational leadership demands due attention. Therefore, this study was intended to assess Impediments of leadership on organizational performance at Premier Hospital by using different leadership theories.
1.2. Statement of the Problem
The achievement of organizational objectives rests largely on the effective leadership and motivation of the human resources at the disposal of the organization. Because, organizations are managed and staffed by people and without people organizations cannot exist or function effectively. According to Mullins (1999) employees are of paramount importance to the achievement of any organization. Thus, effective leadership style enables greater participation of entire work force, and can positively influence both individuals and organizational performance. Therefore, it is logical to say that the success of an organization is reliant on the leader’s ability
to optimize human resources inherent potential and skills. Likewise, in Premier Hospital employees are the ones who play the major roles and make significant contributions to the development of the organization. Hence, the leaders of organization should pay much attention to their employees in order to keep them in the organization, and influence them to increase their job outcomes so that they eventually lead to greater achievements of organizational visions and long term goals. This can be achieved by exhibiting effective leadership styles like transformational and democratic. Based on these leaders can play crucial role to keep employee motivated, inspired, committed and even satisfied in performing organizational policies and objectives effectively and efficiently. In this regard the way the institutions manage organizational leaderships play pivotal role in bringing the intended success. Thus, conducting tangible investigations to find out the nature and progress of the existing organizational leadership is quite crucial.
The major constraints encountered by the leadership of the hospital are ineffective communication of its vision and mission, delegation of authority, coaching, inspiring of employees by managements of the hospital. This is one of the basic motives that encouraged the researcher to conduct this study. Because he strongly believes that identifying the main Impediments of leadership on organizational performance at the hospital would make it keep its achievements in line with shouldering the inevitable burdens which appear as a result of unpredictable market dynamisms.
The preliminary assessment and the informal discussions with employees testify that existence of significant problems regarding with the manner of the hospital’s organizational leaderships. For instance, the preliminary assessment showed the presence of problems like poor leader-follower relationships, ineffective manner of communication, unconvincing way of delegation, etc. In addition the management of the hospital’s faced problem of interested groups’ interference, lack of commitment of employees and practices of autocratic leaders. Thus, driven by all these factual phenomena the researcher made a decision to study the Impediments of leadership on organizational performance at Premier Hospital.
1.3. Research Questions
This study endeavored to answer the following basic research questions:
1. Which type of leadership styles are currently practiced in Premier Hospital?
2. To what extent the hospital’s leadership style is effective in organizational performance?
3. What are the basic challenges Premier Hospital faces in relation to its organizational leadership?
4. What is the employees’ attitude towards the practiced leadership style in the hospital?
1.4. Objectives of the Study
The general objective of the study is to investigate the Impediments of leadership on organizational performance at Premier Hospital. It extends possible solutions to overcome the problems in view of the hospital’s leadership qualities so that it goes in line with possible changes and improvements which appear as a result of newly adapted orientation of leadership styles. And the study sets out with the following specific objectives:
1. To examine the types of leadership styles being practiced by the hospital;
1. To assess the status of effectiveness of the leadership styles of the hospital in relation to its performance;
2. To explore the basic leadership impediments the hospital faces;
3. To analyze the attitudes of employees towards the currently practiced leadership style in the hospital;
1.5. Definition of Terms
In some circumstances, a word may carry different meanings. Therefore, for the purpose of clarity some of the important terms used in this study are defined as follows;
ü Leadership style Within the framework of contingency theory leadership styles are described as task motivated or relationship motivated. Task-motivated leaders are centered primarily with reaching a goal, whereas relationship motivated leaders are concerned with developing close interpersonal relationship (Fielder’s, 1996).
ü Organizational performance: the actual result obtained by means of effective leadership and utilization of available human resources which are using full to devote the achievement of organizational goal.
ü Employees Performance has been defined or described in various ways by scholars. However, in this study the employee’s performance regard to the way and manner in which a staff in an organization performs the duties assigned to him or expected of him in order to realize the organization’s goals and objectives (Olaniyan 1999).
ü Supervisory and Supervisory: Which includes Vice presidents, Department managers, division heads and section heads are leaders as per the hospital’s human resource policy, procedure and benefit package scheme (2008).
ü Non-supervisory and non-Supervisors (non-leaders): which includes professional, Auditors, Clerical and non- clerical employees are subordinates.
ü The hospital or the organization: means Premier hospital
1.6. Significance of the study
This study is significant for the following reasons:
1. The findings of the study pave ways for the hospital to identify major challenges it encounters regarding organizational leadership styles.
2. The study helps employees to cross check the experiences and features of organizational leadership styles of their hospital with other similar institutions.
3. It makes the concerned bodies to take timely measures to solve the identified factors which threat the effectiveness of organizational leaderships.
4. It encourages other researchers to conduct further studies on organizational leaderships of the hospital and other aspects of business activities.
1.7. Scope and Limitation of the study
This study specifically focused on investigating the leadership styles, Impediments organizational performances of Premier Hospital. Thus, among the multilayered activities performed in the hospital the study particularly focused on issues related with leadership styles.
1.8 Organization of the Study
The research report has five chapters. The first chapter presents introduction which includes background of the study, statement of the problem, objective of research questions, scope of the study, significance of the study. Then Literatures are reviewed in chapter two. In the third chapter it discusses the chosen research design, methodology used and sampling methods. Sample population findings, and analysis of the study is presented in chapter four. The final fifth chapter presents conclusions from the study and subsequent recommendations.
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Item Type: Project Material | Size: 55 pages | Chapters: 1-5
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