CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY
People are intensely
working on finding new ways of communicating with machines. However, a major
headway was observed when gestures were used for this communications. A keypad
is a non-verbal form of communication in which the input of a particular button
conveys a particular message. (Kanuri et al, 2012).
Among the large number
of progress made in the medical sector, only a few actually focuses on helping
physically disabled people to communicate. Though monitoring systems make it
easier for doctors to collect and observe a patient’s vitals, there aren’t many
options for actual verbal communication for disabled patients (Desai et al,
2016). Those that are physically handicapped find it really challenging to find
their way through their
environments or their surrounding without the help of others(Gangopadhyay et al, 2013). A large number of persons in the world today have some form of disability. This matches about 15% of the world's population (Srishti et al, 2015).
environments or their surrounding without the help of others(Gangopadhyay et al, 2013). A large number of persons in the world today have some form of disability. This matches about 15% of the world's population (Srishti et al, 2015).
At the beginning of
robot technology, the primary way to interact with a robot was through a
computer program. This called for extensive hard work from the programmers and
developers. With the advancement in science and robotics, keypad based recognition
came into life. Keypad recognition can be considered as a way for a disable
person to communicate with people through the push of a keypad. This has
therefore maximised the need for text interfaces, button-based controls and
Graphical User Interface (GUI) (Khan, 2015).
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Here in Nigeria and in various part
of the world, there are a wide range of hospitals and Non-governmental
organizations (NGO’s)set up mainly to assist disabledpeople. These are
individuals who do not possess full body control, just like every normal person.
Hence, we suggesta system that helps disabled persons display a message by the push
of a keypad or button.
1.3 AIMAND OBJECTIVES OF THE SYSTEM
The objective of this project is to
develop and construct a keypad-based message conveyor hardware device for disabled
people that will:
·
To make life easier for
relief agencies taking care of disabled people,
·
To make life easier for
these disabled people,
·
To enhance
communication between patients and doctors.
1.4 SCOPE OF STUDY
This project will be limited to a
specific set of instructions to be displayed by the message conveyor device due
to the time and resource and financial constraint available for its
development, and would have Babcock University Teaching Hospital as its
deployment location and testing ground.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
The development of this project
will go a long way to relieving nurses and medical practitioners from the
stress of communicating with the disabled people, and will also be helpful in
assisting these special individuals with getting aid and assistance more
quickly and readily as this device would be equipped with a buzzer sound for
alert purposes. This device can also be used by people who are not disabled.
i.e, patients who are critically down or in the ICU unit can also make use of
this device
1.6 METHODOLOGY
The microcontroller displays the
associated message on the Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) screen. It sounds a
buzzer along with message as soon as it receives a push of the keypad from the
accelerometer. The patient keypad device consists of an RF transmitter in order
to transfer the data signal. An RF receiver on the other side receives the data
and then decodes it before passing it to the microcontroller for processing the
input and responding to it (http://nevonprojects.com/keypad-based-message-conveyer-for-paralyticdisabled-project/).
1.7 EXPECTED OUTCOME
At the end of this project, a
working keypadbased message conveyor hardware device for disabled people would
have been developed and would be ready for use by the Babcock University
Teaching Hospital.
1.8 ORGANIZATION OF SUBSEQUENT CHAPTERS
This project will include the following
chapters, as introduced below:
Chapter
Two
Literature review: in this chapter, we
will review several books, journals, materials and other literatures on Motion and Keypad Based Message
Conveyor for Disabled. We will review different theories and how
applicablethey are to our system. We will also consider existing systems to
compare their similarities, differences, the pros and the cons.
Chapter
Three
Analysis and Design: in this chapter, we
will discuss our design processes, we will analyse the whole system design and
how we go about the execution of the system designs. This will include
interface design, database design and system programming.
Chapter
Four
Implementation, testing and evaluation:
after building the system, we shall discuss all the specifications of the
developed system built, the requirement, setting up the system and eventual
testing of the system.
Chapter
Five
Summary and Conclusions: this chapter shall conclude
the project; we will be summarizing all the process of completing the Keypad Based Message Conveyor for
Disabled system and giving recommendation and future enhancement of the
current system.
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