ABSTRACT
This
research work (study) was conducted to investigate and examine the challenges
affecting the learning of science subject of student in girls senior secondary
schools a case study of //Iseyin local Government Area. Four schools were randomly selected, eighty (80) female
student participated on the research work and twenty (20) female student from
each of the schools were selected. The research work brings to light the
challenges affecting the learning of science subject of female student in
science subject which depends on the teachers attitude towards the teaching of
mathematic, Female student attitude towards the learning of science subject,
Qualification, professionalism and teachers
strategies and finally the school environment and its degree of
discipline
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background information
Education
is widely recognized as a key to national development. An increase in access
and quality of education, relatively to the national population is critical to
socio-economic growth and productivity, health development, enhanced democracy,
good governance and good leadership, increase individual earning and
subsequently reduced income inequalities, and the reduction of poverty ( Hosea,
2003).
Discussion
of Asia and the Pacific as a region is problematic, given the wide variation in
levels of economic development, overall level of education enrollment and
gender parity in admission of girls to science subjects. South Asia is clearly
the sub-region with the poorest performance, with the exception of Srilanka and
the Maldives were the situation is average maintained. East Asia fares
best,withTaiwan,Korea, Hong Kong,and Singapore reaching levels of education on
a par with western industrialized market economies.
There
is adequate evidence that educating a woman is beneficial at national,
community and individual levels. With even a basic education, individual women
effectively engage in economic activities and thus contribute to greater
national productivity. Summer (1997) cement that, investment in girls education
may well be the highest return on investment available in developing the
community and the world in large (p. 26)
Performance
of girls in science subjects in Nigeria schools has been a persisting
challenge. It generally agreed that in the current knowledge economy society,
science technology and innovation plays a major role toward the achievement of
the millennium goals in achieving universal primary education. Several challenges
contributed to moderate participation and performance of girls and women in
science and technology, lack of motivation in learning science subjects,
absence of competent and committed teachers who will guide students
practically, and un friendful teaching and learning environment. It therefore
agreed that achievement of gender parity in science should rely on an
appropriate mix of strategies based on lesson learned from best practices and
experience at national regional and international levels (Githui, 2009)
The results for the 2011 Nigeria certificates
of education (NCE) examination indicates that science subjects continue to
harvest un desirable performance compared to arts. According to Mathew
(2012) claim that nearly quarter of the
candidates did not pass chemistry and biology. He observed that while marking
the examination evidence pointed to candidates failure to finish subjects
syllabus and lack of practical knowledge for scientific experiments ( p. 39)
Since the attainment of political independence
in 1961, the government of Nigeria has placed emphasis on the role of education
and science in socio-economic and
political development. Both the Nigeria constitution and international organs
like UNESCO has campaign on outlaw discrimination on the basis of gender and
activated on social justice and equal opportunities with regard to education (Sarah
,1999)
1.2 Statement of the Problem
The
need to learn Mathematics and Science subjects in today science- oriented,
computerized world for the purpose of comprehend the eras of technology is
totally inevitable. Rapid growth, new development and technology have made the
acquisition of new and substantial information in skills in order to increase
the ability to adapt to the changing condition of life, understand the eras
technology and scientific knowledge imperative for all. Along these lines, some
subjects such as mathematics, Physics, chemistry and biology demand greater
attention and investment in society education plans. This especially true in
the world today which become more computer and science oriented by hour.
Considering their fundamental nature and their influence in the growth and
development of thought, strengthening the foundation of research, science is of
great importance. This is presently why mathematics is practically the only
subjects which are taught in every school around the world. Unfortunately, despite absorbing a wealth of
human and financial capital from the society, family and the government, science
proves to be the most problematic subjects.
Girls
in this regard, display greater difficulties of mastering science subjects in
different levels. In many developing countries and even in most parts of
industrialized world, girls show a lower level of performance than boys and
associate negative connotation to sciences subjects in general. Therefore this study sought to find out the challenges
that influences girls learning of sciences subjects particularly in secondary
schools.
1.3 Purpose of the Study
The
purpose of this study will be investigating the challenges that influence girls
learning of science subjects in secondary schools and asses the strategies
which would be used to improve girls performance in their examination
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
To facilitate the study, attempts are made in
providing answers to the following questions:
-
Does attitude of the teacher towards the teaching of science
subject affect female student‟ academic performance?
-
Does attitude of student towards the
learning of science subject affects their learning of science subjects?
-
Does teacher‟s qualification, professionalism and teachers
strategy affects the student academic
performance?
-
Does the school environment and the
degree of discipline affect the academic performance of female student?
1.6 Significance of the study
The
findings of this study will add the existing body of knowledge about students’
abilities in practical aspects of science subjects at the National examination
council in our country (NECO).
Using this knowledge, stakeholders and especially teachers of sciences subjects
may understand better on how boys and girls differ in their performance of
practical skills. This will enable them to devise techniques that may maximize
the benefits of training in practical skills for both boys and girls. Also by
using the findings of this study, the school managements and others education
partners will develop a mentorship programs that will motivate and encourage
students and especially girls to take up sciences subjects and eradicate the
notion that technology is a male field.
1.7 Scope of the Study
The
study will be conducted in Enugu metopolis by selecting two secondary schools
that will be as a map road for the successful collection of the required data
for this study..
1.8 Limitation of the study
This
research work will not be a success without limitation, The researcher predict
that she might face some challenges during data collection in the selected
field. Among of these challenges will be shortage of fund, language barrier,
hesitance by some of the respondents and limited time of conducting this study.
Apart from these challenges the researcher believe that she will collect data for this study in a successful way by
being active and encourages the targeted respondent to give her a positive
corporation.
1.9 Definition of the Keys terms
Science subjects, these are subjects that are parts
of the curriculum and constitute part of the core and compulsory subjects. These
science subjects in secondary schools include Mathematics, Biology, Chemistry,
Physics and computer.
Secondary schools, is the term used to describe an
educational institution that intermingle primary education and college or
university education. It follows elementary or primary education and may be
followed by university (tertiary) education.
Performance is the ability to do something that
can be good or bad, high or low or average. For example, the performance of
girls in chemistry test can indicate academic abilities among girls in
secondary schools.
Stakeholders are the persons or company that
works as a system toward achieving common goals, especially because they have
invested money in the company or project.
Student, is a person who is enrolled in a
given school, college or university for the purpose of learning something.
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