ABSTRACT
Chlorella vulgaris is an edible microalgae and a highly notorious potential feed resource
for many agriculturally important animal species. Chlorella vulgaris intake has also been linked to improvements in
animal health and welfare. Its influence over animal development stems from its
nutritive and protein-rich composition, thus leading to an increased commercial
production to meet consumer demand. The aim of this work is to isolate and
identify microalgae used in poultry farming and objectives of this research
work is to determine the growth condition of microalgae and harvest microalgae
used in poultry farming. Centrifugation of the sample to concentration the
algal cells and plating using pour plate method was done. One percent agar-agar
BG-11 medium was used for the algae isolation. Antibiotic added to avoid
bacterial growth. Microscopic identification of the isolates based on cell
morphology and colonial characteristics was carried out. The isolate was
cultivated in a sterile BG-11 medium in presence of light and carbon dioxide
and BG-11 medium as source of nutrient. Harvesting of chlorella vulgaris
involves filtration, centrifugation and drying using hot oven at appropriate
temperature. This study was able to isolate and identify the microalgae of
interest, which can later be used in poultry farming in future study.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Microalgae are microscopic, typically
found in soil, marshes, freshwater, brackish water, seawater and thermal
springs, living in both the water Colum and
sediment. They are unicellular species which exist individually, or in
chains or groups. Depending on the species, their sizes can range from a few
micrometers (µm) to a few hundred micrometers. Unlike higher plants, microalgae
do not have roots, stems, or leaves. They are specially adapted to an
environment dominated by viscous forces. Algae are typically classified as
green, brown and red algae. Some microalgae which are used as poultry feed
include Athrospira maxima,
Chlorella vulgaris, Athrospira platensis, Porphridium cruentum, Schizochytrium sp, Hizikia fusiforme, Undaria sp, Gracilaria sp, kappapaphycus
sp Laminaria sp. The increasing
demand for human protein food sources has resulted in a need for new feed
materials which provide a safe source of nutrients for poultry and livestock.
Several feeding experiments have demonstrated that microalgae of different
species can be successfully included into poultry diets, for example as a
defatted biomass byproduct from biofuel production, and can have a
beneficial influence on birds’ health,
performance, and the quality of meat and eggs. Especially important for the
poultry industry are recent studies where microalgae biomass was efficiently
used in the production of eggs containing health-promoting lipids, i.e. eggs
enriched with health promoting long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
(LCPUFAs n-3).
The traditional
method of enriching eggs with LCPUFAs n-3 is to incorporate linseed or fish oil into the layer diet;
however, this latter method is limited by the high demand for marine products
and the risk of their contamination with heavy metals (Wu et al., 2012).
The identification of
new feed resources is therefore crucial for sustainable animal production and
future viability. Ideally, the new feed resource should have high nutritive
value and conversion efficiency, be able to optimize animal product quality and
use land and water efficiently (Poppi and McLennan, 2010). Consequently, chlorella
vuigaris is emerging as a potential candidate to meet these criteria.
1.1
AIM
1. To isolate and identify microalgae
used in poultry farming.
1.2
OBJECTIVES
1. To identify microalgae used in
poultry farming
2. To grow algae used in poultry
farming
3. To harvest microalgae used in
poultry farming.
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Item Type: Project Material | Attribute: 42 pages | Chapters: 1-5
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