ABSTRACT
Lack of management of masonry on sites may lead to condition that will
cause anguish to families, suffering to victims affected by collapse, and waste
of time and money. Various tragic situations have over the years engulfed
building sites due to improper management. The aim and objective of this study
is to promote better masonry practices in building construction sites. Data
collection method used in this project is by means of research instrument. And
the instrument used is questionaire which was structured out in two stages.
Questionaire was administered to various respondents in construction work in
building industry. Masonry is generally a highly durable form of construction.
Materials used in masonry are natural stone, quality mortar and workmanship.
There are three types of rock that produced masonry materials which are:
Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic rock. Management of masonry is a
discipline of planning, securing, managing, leading and controlling resources
to achieve a specific goal. Factors affecting management of masonry are lack of
training and retraining, poor communication, inclement weather, unfair wages
and lack of motivation. All workers need continous training and re-training in
order to update their skills in all ramifications. Contractors/employers must
thus continously invest in training of their workers for an increased job
performance. Contractors should communicate to workers on time before work
plan. Contractors/Supervisors should motivate their workers, and pay them at
the expected time in order for them not to migrate to where they will be better
remunerated.
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Masonry
is the building of structures from individual unit laid in and bond together by
mortar, the term masonry can also refer to unit themselves. The common
materials of masonry construction are bricks, stones, marbles, granites,
limestone, cast stone, concrete blocks, glass blocks, stoke tile and cob.
Masonry
is generally a highly durable form of construction. However, the materials
used, the quality of mortar and workmanship, and the patter in which the units
are assembled can significantly affect the durability of construction. A person
who constructs masonry is called mason or bricklayer. Management is the process
of reaching organizational goals by making with aid through people and other
organizational resource. Management has
the following characteristics:
i.
It involves
overall concentration on reaching organizational goals
ii.
It reaches
these goals by working with, and through people and other organizational
resource.
Naturally, this status is not conflicting with a
useful function other than simple monumental history building carry their
cultural significance attach not only to their formal architectural language
but also to their specific structural features, applied material and building
techniques, and by being old, they have also been a part of human life.
In
addition, existing standard regulation and code are now applicable to the
assessment of safety factors in historical masonry activities such as scaffold insulation,
mixing mortar, laying of blocks, cutting blocks, and grouting are labor dependent
and require a large number of worker with diverse skills. Work is physically
demanding (spielhole et al), zoob and masons as well as mason helpers (laborers)
often lift heavy materials and stand for long periods of time (Boschman et al, 2011).
A number
of studies have identified masonry features that may impact masonry crew’s
performance, these include excessive block cutting, numerous corners (Sanders
and Thomas 1991) numerous openings (Hassanun and Milin 1997) the use of none
adjustable scaffolds and the size of masonry units (Montlock and the whole head
1970). Additionally, masons work outdoors and are subject to poor weather
conditions that reduce their work activity (BLS, 2014).
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Statistics has shown that throughout the world, lack of masonry
assessment by management on building site has resulted to occurrence of
accident, some which are fatal and some result in permanent disablement to
building owners, other in temporary disablement over the year (Repairing masonry,
2015).
Lack
of management of masonry on sites may lead to condition that will cause anguish
to families, suffering to victims affected by collapse, and waste of time and
money (Nelson and Dan, 2012). Various tragic situation has over the years
engulfed building site due to improper management and this is a potential
pitfall in the growth of building industry and this can only be checkmated by
adhering to management rules and practices on building sites (Repairing masonry,
2015).
Many
masonry problems and claims arise from poor construction, workmanship and from
poor exceeding the allowable erection tolerances. Some other problems
associated with masonry work include:
1.
Poor
supervision and management of work
2.
Lack of
skilled laborers and builders with professional knowledge of the work at hand
3.
Using of
substandard materials in other to cut down or save cost.
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES
The
aim of this study work is to promote better masonry practices in building
construction sites. The research objectives are:
1.
To examine
masonry work and its management.
2.
To
investigate the management of masonry work within the study area.
3.
To examine
the factors that affect management of masonry work.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
i.
What are
masonry works and how are they managed?
ii.
How is
management of masonry work carried out within the study area?
iii.
What
factors affect management of masonry work within the study area?
1.5 SCOPE AND DELIMITATION
This
project is focused on the management of masonry work in the building sites. Construction
been an extremely hazardous activity calls for urgent attention in other to
improve the management of materials, life and property of those engaging in the
activities.
1.6 JUSTIFICATION/SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The
significance of this study is to assess the management of masonry in building
construction site in Etsako East Local Government Area in Edo State. This study
also focuses on the assessment of masonry structures and also its management
over time.
1.7 STUDY AREA
This
assessment of the management of masonry work is going to focus mainly on some
selected area in Etsako East Local Government Area. Okpella is a kingdom
situated along Benin-Abuja federal highway road. It is a town in Edo-State,
Nigeria and one of the three main towns that make up Etsako East Local
Government Area of Edo.
Okpella
is known for its natural mineral resources, which include limestone, calcium
and granite, and attract investors to the people of Okpella Kingdom. Okpella
clan is strategically located on the northern fringes of Edo state bordering Kogi.
It is on the major gateway opening Edo State to the north of Nigeria, Home to
several solid minerals industries and several agricultural products it is the
third largest clan in Edo State as recorded in the 2006 population census.
The
major industries today in edo state Land is mostly mining related. These
industries have attracted mining related firms into the area. There are several
quarries producing dolomite, granite and granite dust used for the construction
of roads, cement and glass, other quarries in the area are into the crushing
and bagging of kaolin for livestock’s feed companies across Nigeria. While the
most notable companies in Edo state are the Okpella cement factory, Setraco
Construction Company and a few
others. Today there are related companies spread across Edo state.
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