ABSTRACT
The study “an Appraisal of quality control
procedures in a manufacturing organization” a study of Juhel Pharmaceutical
Company Enugu, sees quality as the totality of features of a product or service
that bear on its ability to satisfy the customers perceived or stated
needs(Khanna, 2012). This study made use of the following objectives; to
identify the possible poor quality of the organizational products, to examine
the processes of quality control in the manufacturing organization, to
determine the various ways of mitigating quality defects in the manufacturing
organizations. The study tries to find out the procedures through the following
research question; what are the causes of poor quality products in the
organization? What are the processes of quality control in the manufacturing
organization? What are the various ways of mitigating quality defects in the manufacturing
organizations? The study also test it’s significant through the help of some
hypotheses. The researcher adopted some theories that helped in elaborating
more on the topic. A question was use as a form of collecting the data used for
the study. Frequency table were used to analyze the bio-data of the respondent,
a descriptive table were used to check the importance of the adopted research
question and a Z-Test were used to test the significant of the study. The study
found out that there are some possible causes of poor quality product, some
processes used for quality control were identified and there are effective ways
of mitigating quality defect of some product in Juhel Pharmaceutical Company
Enugu. The researcher then recommend that the organization should continually
investigate its manufacturing procedures so as to identify possible causes of
poor quality, the organization should also regularly check to ensure that the
processes of quality control used by them is up to standard and they should have
safer and better ways of mitigating quality defects in its products. Finally,
the study suggest that further research should be done on the influence of
quality on the buying behavior of consumers, the effect of quality on
organizational profitability and the relationship between quality control and
organizational productivity.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of the Study
Quality
is one of the competing priorities that many organizations adopt. Khanna (2012)
defines quality as the totality of features of a product or service that bear
on its ability to satisfy the customers perceived or stated needs. Quality of a
product or service satisfy both actual and perceived needs of the people for
which the products are designed and produced for.Banjoko (2009) defines quality
as a measure of the degree to which a particular product satisfies the
expectations of customers with respect to certain tangible and intangible
attributes inherent in the design of the product or service and its performance
under normal use.
High
levels of quality are essential to achieve Company business objectives.
Quality, a source of competitive advantage, should remain a hallmark of Company
products and services. High quality is not an added value; it is an essential
basic requirement. Quality does not only relate solely to the end products and
services a Company provides but also relates to the way the Company employees
do their job and the work processes they follow to produce quality products or
services. The work processes should be as efficient as possible and continually
improving. Company employees constitute the most important resource for
improving quality. Each employee in all organizational units is responsible for
ensuring that his/her work processes are efficient and continually improving.
Top
management should provide the training and an appropriate motivating
environment to foster teamwork both within and across organizational units for
employees to improve processes.Ultimately, everyone in a Company is responsible
for the quality of an organization’s products and services.(Manghani 2011).
In
business, engineering, and manufacturing, quality has a pragmatic
interpretation as the non-inferiority or superiority of something; it's also
defined as being suitable for its intended purpose (fitness for purpose) while
satisfying customer expectations. Quality is a perceptual, conditional, and
somewhat subjective attribute and may be understood differently by different
people. (Nanda, 2016).
The
quality of product or service ensures that proper designing process is
followed. This designing process needs to be backed by appropriate process
design supported by a suitable technology which confirms to requirements of
customers. Quality control ensures that defects and errors are prevented and
finally removed from the process or product. Therefore, quality control should
include:
·
Planning
·
Designing
·
Implementation
·
Gaps identification
·
Improvisation
Quality
control (QC) is a procedure or set of procedures intended to ensure that a manufactured
product or performed service adheres to a defined set of quality criteria or
meets the requirements of the client or customer. (Rouse,2015).
Sometimes
the problem with a product is not that it fails to perform to specification but
rather that it does not meet the requirements of the customers. A manager in
any organization must therefore have technical knowledge and competence about
their products, best control procedures to be adopted and the best way of
implementing them effectively.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
The
Nigerian market is constantly being flooded with sub-standard products and this
can be traced to the lack of and/or minimum use of proper quality control
procedures by manufacturing organizations. The negative effects of substandard
products can be:
·
Loss in potential revenue due to
counterfeits
·
Increase in costs and loss in
productivity of organizations.
·
Substandard goods such as drugs,
skincare products etc can be hazardous to the health of consumers.
Quality
control cannot be disregarded if quality goods and products are to be
manufactured and made available to consumers.Quality must therefore be
controlled as well as other resources used in ensuring quality products. The
success of our present day and future manufacturing organizations hinges on our
ability to properly understand and utilize the best quality control procedures
in each stage of the production process.To this end, this research is
preoccupied with Juhel Pharmaceuticals (Nig.) Enugu.
1.3 Objectives of Study
1. To
identify the possible poor quality of the organizational products
2. To
examine the processes of quality control in the manufacturing organization.
1.4 Research Questions
1. What
are the causes of poor quality products in the organization?
2.
What are the processes of quality
control in the manufacturing organization?
1.5 Research Hypothesis
1. H0:
There are causes of poor quality products in an organization.
2.
H1: There are no causes of poor
quality products in an organization.
4.
H1: There are no processes to
quality control in a manufacturing organization.
5.
H0: There are ways of mitigating
quality defects in manufacturing organizations.
6.
H1: There are no ways of mitigating
quality defects in manufacturing organizations.
1.6 Significance of Study
The
significance of quality control in the manufacturing sector cannot be over emphasized.
The beneficiaries of the study include:
1. Manufacturing
companies especially pharmaceutical companies.
2. Business
management students.
3. Other
researchers.
4. Government
agencies concerned with the enforcement and administration of quality standards
such as NAFDAC, SON, and CPC council.
1.7 Scope of the Study
Quality
control management is chosen as a topic of relevance to the manufacturing industry
in Nigeria. Although quality control management is an activity relevant to all
business organizations and employees of the manufacturing sectors. This
research is restricted to the study of quality control procedures in pharmaceutical
manufacturing organizations and its relationship with the quality of products
produced.
1.8 Limitations to the study
The
limitations faced by this researcher include the delay experienced in
collecting current information about my research work. Furthermore, the delay
in my research at the beginning due to the lack of a laptop for my research.Also,
there was the constraint of data collection for the research.
1.9
The Profile of the Organization
used as Operational Place of Study
In
October 1989, Juhel Nigeria Limited was commissioned as the first
Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Company in old Anambra state, Nigeria by the then
ruling Governor Col. Robert Akonobi. Beginning with a small range of products,
it started continually expanding its operations, reaching a peak employment
capacity of over 500 staff members at the time.
In
1995, the company forayed into its first non-pharmaceutical operation by
building its first Petroleum Filling Station in Port-Hacourt. This small
inititive spurred the creation of an entire subdivision, leading the way for an
array of Filling Stations throughout South-Eastern Nigeria and creating Juhel
Petroleum along the way.
In
the year 2001, facing rapid expansion, the company then moved to its current
Headquarters, a much larger location Emene, Enugu State. With this expansion
also came the possibility of additional growth. The product range expanded
quickly, adding antibiotic capsules and syrups to our growing product cache.
The staff count consequentially expanded to 1,800 in order to keep up with the
growing product range and increased operational requirements. The company’s
water and beverage manufacturing plant was also built on further expansion of
the site.
Commissioned
by then President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria GoodluckEbele Jonathan on
the 15th of October 2010, its Parenteral Drug Manufacturing Plant was
established as the largest Parenteral Drug Manufacturing plant in West Africa.
It was built as a required response to the unnecessary importation of
parenteral drugs in Nigeria, creating a local source of highest quality
intravenous medicines, ear and eye drops.
1.10 Definition of Terms
The
following terms are defined according to their definitions at
www.businessdictionary.com.
Quality:
In manufacturing, a measure of excellence or a state of being free from
defects, deficiencies and significant variations.
Control:
Device or mechanism installed or instituted to guide or regulate the activities
or operation of an apparatus, machine, person, or system.
Quality control:
An aspect of the quality assurance process that consists of activities employed
in detection and measurement of the variability in the characteristics of
output attributable to the production system, and includes corrective responses
Manufacturing:
The process of converting raw materials, components, or parts into finished
goods that meet a customer's expectations or specifications. Manufacturing
commonly employs a man-machine setup with division of labor in a large-scale
production.
================================================================
Item Type: Project Material | Attribute: 64 pages | Chapters: 1-5
Format: MS Word | Price: N3,000 | Delivery: Within 30Mins.
================================================================
No comments:
Post a Comment