ABSTRACT
The topic of the study was
analysis of students use of facebook comparism; academics
relationship/interaction uses. This study intends to analyze students’ use of
facebook to know if they use them for social interaction or for academic
purposes. The general purpose of the study is to analyze students’ use of
facebook, to ascertain if they use it more for social interaction or for
academic purposes. Thus, the study will tend to: 1. Determine how often the
students use social media for academic purpose.2. Examine how students use
facebook for interactive/academic purposes.3. Find out the factors that propel
students to use facebook during academic periods. 4. Find out the activities
that students mostly use facebook to perform. This study adopted random sampling,
Godfrey Okoye University Enugu. Simple random sampling was used in each
faculty, two departments were selected using ballot system. the students from
each department were selected using convenience sampling technique. The sample
size of the study was 380. Findings from this research reveals that students
own and have access to internet enabling devices, are also aware of various
social media platforms, use facebook to a large extent for social interaction
also that facebook use is mostly for fun and increases their social
interaction. and this to a very large extent affects their academics, it was
also observed that there are some factors which propels the use of facebook
such as boredom, laziness, fun and addiction. In the light of the above
findings of the research, the following recommendations are proffered:
1.Restrictions
should be made on the students’ use of facebook in classes in tertiary
institutions and other institutions of learning. 2. Punishment should be given
to students found using facebook during academic periods. 3. Appropriate use of
facebook for academic purposes should be taught at all levels of educational
institutions to avoid misuse of the social media platforms. 4. Restrictions
should be made on how often students access the internet towards its misuse.
it can be concluded that students use facebook for social interaction
other than for academic purposes in Godfrey Okoye University. Enugu.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page
Table of Contents
List of Tables
Abstract
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of Study
1.2 Statement of the Research Problem
1.3 Objectives of the Study
1.4 Research Questions
1.5 Significance of the Study
1.6 Scope of the Study
1.7 Definition of Terms
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Review of Concept
2.2.1 Brief History of Social Media
2.2.2 Examining the Various Categories of Social Networking Sites
2.2.3 The Purposes of Using Social Networking Sites
2.2.4 The Benefits of Using Social Networking Sites
2.2.5 Individual Identity and Self-Expression
2.2.6 Strengthening Interpersonal Relationships
2.2.7 Dangers Associated in Using Social Facebook
2.2.8 Strategies for Ameliorating the Dangers of Social Networking
Especially
Facebook
2.3 Empirical Review
2.4 Theoretical Framework
2.5 Summary of Literature
CHAPTER
THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Research Design
3.3 Population of the Study
3.4 Sample Size
3.5 Sample Technique
3.6 Description
of Research Instrument
3.7 Validity and Reliability of Data Gathering Instruments
3.8 Method of Data
Collection
3.9 Method of Data Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION
AND ANALYSIS
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Analysis of Data
4.2.1 Questionnaire Distribution and Return Rate
4.3 Discussion of Results
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY,
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Summary of Findings
5.3 Conclusion
5.4 Recommendations
5.5 Area for Further Research
REFERENCES
QUESTIONNAIRE
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of study
According to Mahmood, Safdar and Gilani (2014) facebook is the most
recent form of media, having many features and characteristics. It has many
facilities on same channel such as communicating, texting, images sharing,
audio and video sharing, fast publishing, linking with people all over the
world and direct connecting. It is also the cheapest, fast access to every
corners of the globe and it is very important for all age of peoples. Its use
is increasing day by day with high rate around the world. Facebook are very
popular means of public communication mostly among the youths all over the
world currently. Youths are among the most prolific users of social networking
site. Emerging studies found that youths spend a considerable portion of their
daily life interacting through facebook and these have provided an open arena
where the youths are free to exchange ideas and information concerning their
social life and issues of importance.
Before the deregulation of the Nigeria telecommunication
sector in I999, few Nigerians had access to computers while the lack of
sufficient technological infrastructure such as the internet and mobile phones
constrained communication within the society. However, with the deregulation of
the telecommunication sector, social network spread like wide fire in Nigeria.
Today, all classes of Nigerians now have unlimited access to the facebook.
This, of course, is not surprising as the digital age is
widely believed to belong to the youth. The facebook commonly used in Nigeria
include Facebook, twitter, and Yahoo messengers, BBM, Whatsapp, Twitter and
Linkedln among others. They all offer their users unrestricted access to chat
with friends, relations and other acquaintances. Started from Facebook followed
by Twitter, social networking websites have become the vogue across the world,
especially among the youth. Just a few clicks and you can chat with your
friends and family, sitting at a different corner of the globe.
According to Andrew (2005), information travels over the
internet through a variety of language known as portal. Communication allows
people to connect with people they know in high school and colleges and enable
them to meet others. Social network is a social structure made up of individual
or organization called nodes; which are tied (connected) by one or more
specific types of interdependency such as friendship, kingship, common
internet, financial exchange, social relationship or relationship of beliefs,
knowledge or prestige.
According to Adeboye (20l2), the expansion in technology
has also affected internet software thus leading to chatting sites known by the
name, facebook. With facebook networking sites, one can send5receive message
almost immediately. This is why Mcquail (2008) viewed that the internet
penetrates more homes, it is a common sight to see a youth chatting in
sensitive and highly organized places like church & lecture venues. The
manufacturing and distribution of cell phones has led to students not playing
list to cyber-café. Attention one shifted from visible to invisible friends, while
important ventures like study and writing are affected in the process.
Negussie and Ketmar (2014) stated indicated that
facebook networks has become an Integral part of students social life. Most
students use their social network site like Facebook, Twitter, Whatsapp and so
many others to interact with their family and friends. According to Tivares
(2013) these networks have become an important platforms to users to interact
and relate with their peers.
Meanwhile Ito et al (2009) viewed that just as it is
done in parking lots and shopping centers, young people gather in network
public spaces for a number of reason and these include negotiate identity,
gossip, support one another, collaborate, share information, flirt and joke.
In the educational settings, there have been arguments
among scholars and institutional authorities that the youths are seen to be
misusing the facebook as they are no longer using it for the purpose in which
is meant to be, such as research, references and other educational purposes.
To this end, studies have generally focused on the usage
pattern of facebook by mostly the youths, (Hamat et al. 2015: Syed
Hassan & Landani 2015);or investigated a specific facebook such as Facebook
(e.g. Adnan & mavi, 2015; Sharifah Sofiah et al. 20l1) or failed to
specifically delineate how facebook was used (Al-rahmi et al. 2014).
However, these studies have under explored the usage pattern and the extent of
such use for academic purposes during school hours.
Although it could be understood that facebook uses are
varied, and learning or academic purposes being one of them, we do not have
enough knowledge as to how much facebook is being used for academic purposes,
hence limiting efforts of effective integration. Thus, following the remark
made by Maloney et al. (2014) that limited information exists on how
university students utilize Social Network Site (SNS), be it for educational or
strictly social purposes. Elisson et al. 2011 claims that students tend
to participate in such a websites activities while doing their homework, It may
have negative effect on their academic performance by interrupting them from
learning process, it is difficult to ignore that there might be a correlation
between facebook and its application for various reasons which the reason that
facebook can affect both academics and off- academic.
New media which were introduced in the less than decades
have drawn large number of users (students). Kord (2013) confirmed that the
involvement of students in facebook has increased. Considerably since 2004,
students embraced facebook so as to interact with peers for information sharing
for formulating their personality and getting their social life off the ground.
Research found that students spend more time on facebook even when formal class
is going on. Also kishner and karpinski concluded that facebook is commonly
used by students who exhibits care free attitude, luxious living generally
flout laws, easily copy bad attitudes, which they are not serious with their
academics which have drained most of the students. Youth’s attentions to the
extent they have become addicted. The social penetration theory described the
development of interpersonal relationship as a slow process which noted in a
research that social networking sites impact on interpersonal communication
skills and relationship by Pritta Chasombat, says that computer has speed up
the intimacy process where people are likely to disclose personal information
on facebook rather than to meet face to face communication because the level of
control is higher.
Over the years, social networking sites have metamorphosed from
few-user-based sites into phenomena that have become niches for billions of
users. The growth and popularity of social networking sites have generated
concerns among well-meaning citizens and scholars particularly among university
authorities, about the benefit and potential risks facing undergraduates, as
they engage in online social networking to cater for their social and
information needs rather than oral face-to-face communication.
In the light of the risks of social networking sites on
oral communication among their users, Sherry Turkle (2012), the founder and
director of the MIT initiative on technology and self, asserted that the
convenience the social networking site gives users ways to communicate with one
another that can damage their interpersonal communication. What is more,
addiction to social networking sites can establish feelings of loneliness and
increase feelings of insensitivity to disconnection.
Anim (2007) aptly noted that societies greatly influence
the operations and functions of the media that operate within those societies.
However, this seems not to be the case in the Nigeria academic environment as
indication shows that the media which is meant to contribute to the academic
life and activities of students is now being misused during school hours.
Facebook use and the role it plays in the academic life of students are of a
school hours is a subject to study.
1.2 Statement of the Research Problem
Kord (2013) confirmed that the involvement of students
in facebook has increased. Considerably since 2004 students embraced facebook
so as to interact with peers for information sharing for formulating their
personality and getting their social life off the ground. Research found that
students spend more time on facebook even when formal class is going on.
What
is more, addiction to social networking sites can establish feelings of
loneliness and increase feelings of insensitivity to disconnection, according
to Cacioppo (2009) a neuroscientist at the University of Chicago, he stated
that with so many other negative sides influencing the youth who comprises a larger population if students
in the university.
However, Elisson et al. (2011) claims that students
tend to participate in such as websites activities while doing their homework,
It may have negative effect on their academic performance by interrupting them
from learning process, it is difficult to ignore that there might be a
correlation between facebook and its application for various reasons which the
reason that facebook can affect both academics and off- academic.
This study intends to analyze students’ use of facebook to know if they
use them for social interaction or for academic purposes.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The general purpose of the study is to analyze student’s use of facebook,
to ascertain if they use it more for social interaction or for academic
purposes. Thus, the study will tend to:
1. Determine how often the students use the facebook for academic
purpose.
2. Examine how students use facebook for interactive/academic purposes.
3. Find out the factors that propel students to use facebook during
academic periods.
4. Find out the activities that students mostly use facebook to perform.
1.4 Research Questions.
The following research questions are formulated to guild the study:
1. What extent do students
use the facebook for academic purpose?
2. What extent do students use facebook
for interaction/academic purposes?
3. What factors propel
students to make use of facebook during academic periods?
4. What activities do
students mostly use facebook to perform?
1.5 Significance of the Study
It is expected that the output of this research will
benefit students and the administration of universities in Nigeria especially
Godfrey Okoye University understand the level of the students’ use of facebook
comparison of academic and relationship/ interaction. This shall help them to
understand how best to sustain the students attention on using facebook during
school hours. Also this work will be of immense the relationship which the new
media has created between the students social interaction and effect on their
academics.
Also the findings could be used by academic advisers and
counselors to proffer professional advice to the university authorities on how
to regulate the social network usage among undergraduate students of Godfrey
Okoye University. Again, the findings of this study would provide facts that
will enable the ministry of communication technology to know what arises from
students’ use of the social networking sites. This will help the ministry, to
know how to control new media usage upon successful completion of this
research; it shall be very relevant to various people, across Nigeria.
1.6 Scope of the Study
This study is limited to the analysis of student’s use of facebook
comparison of academic and relationship/ interaction with a focus on
undergraduates’ of Godfrey Okoye University as they mostly fall within the age
brackets of youths which are within the age range of 17-25, 25-30.
1.7 Definition of Terms
Students: There are various definitions of a student but in the
context of this work, a student is one who is enrolled or attends classes at a
school, college, or university like
Godfrey Okoye University.
Facebook: This is a means through which students charts with other
peers and communicate with others.
Social Networks: The use of dedicated websites and applications to
interact with other users, or to find people with similar interests to oneself.
However, in this study, facebook and social networks will be used
interchangeably.
Lecture Hours: A period of time in which academic activities are
going on, or a period of time in which learning takes place, from 8.00am to
3.00pm.
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