ABSTRACT
The purpose of this project was to
look in to different factors that makes a valid will, by researching on different case and of cause using the laws
regarding Wills in the country I have been
able to come up with an
impeccable research paper.
From the results gathered there is
a need to further enlighten the public concerning matters like this in other
for better communication from the testator who is the creator of the will and to whom who he deems fit to add to his Will .
Truth be told in a country like Nigeria people don’t like to
make much emphasizes on the concept of will making but yet one of the most regular issues dividing
families till today is inheritance of a deceased property
now the focus of my work will
try its best to eliminate such
issues and also find a meaning full way
for the testator to share his
properties in the way he deems fit and also lawful as well.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
TABLE OF CASES
TABLE OF STATUES
ABBRIVATIONS
CHAPTER 1
General Introduction
1.0 Introduction
1.2 Background to the study
1.3 Objectives of the study
1.4 Focus of Study
1.5 Scope of the Study
1.6 Methodology
1.7 Literature Review
1.8 Significance of Study
CHAPTER 2
Literature review
CHAPTER 3
3.0
NATURE OF A WILL
a. Statutory
Will
b. Nuncupative
Will
c. Written
Customary Will
3.1 ADVANTAGES OF MAKING A WILL
a. A
WILL Removes transfer of properties by Statute
b. A
Will removes transfer of properties by customary law
c. Positive
Display of Wishes
d. Personal
Representatives Act from Death
e. It
is cheaper to process application for the grant of probate
than
for the Grant of letters of administration
f. Testator’s
Peace of Mind
g. Direction
as to Burial Arrangements
3.2 THE
NATURE OF A WILL
a. A
WILL is Ambulatory
b. Revocable
Nature of WILLS
c. Codicil
3.3 THE
REQUIREMENT OF WRITING, ATTESTING
AND
SIGNING
a. Writing
b. Attesting
c. Signing
TESTAMENTARY CAPACITY AS GROUND
FOR A VALID WILL
3.4 TESTAMENTARY CAPACITY
3.5 TESTAMENTARY CAPACITY – SOUND DISPOSING
MIND
3.5.1
Sound Disposing Mind: when necessary
3.5.2 Knowledge and Approval
3.5.3
Effect of Supervening Insanity on sound disposing mind
3.5.4
Periods of Lucidity
3.6 THE PRESUMPTION OF
SOUND DISPOSING MIND
3.6.1
Evidence to Support Existence of Sound Disposing Mind
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 DELUSION
4.1 PHYSICAL AFFLICTIONS AFFECTING THE MIND
4.2
UNDUE INFLUENCE
4.3 FEATURES OF UNDUE INFLUENCE
4.4.1 Motive and Opportunity
4.4.2 Overwhelming the Testator’s Volition
4.5
SPECIAL RELATIONSHIPS
4.6.1 Solicitor/Client
4.6.2 Spouses
4.6.3 Confessor and Penitent
4.7 UNDUE
INFLUENCE BEFORE EXECUTION
CHAPTER 5
5.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Recommendation
Bibliography
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
The
concept of WILLS is of great importance. This concept originated from the Roman
Law and was passed on to English Law from where the nations of the Commonwealth
accepted it as part of the received English Law. Its origin lies in the fact
that it was thought highly desirable to actualize the intentions of a dying
person as a legal and binding obligation. The testator is the person who came
to make a will. The executor is the person(s) to carry out those will. And
lastly, the beneficiaries are render a will are known as CESTIUS QUE TRUST.
Without
doubt a person(s) will be concerned about
properties he owns and that he naturally
wants to know what will happen to their
properties when he/ she dies. Normally, he will want to provide for his
family and one certain way of doing so is that his houses, farms etc should
descend to his loved ones after his death. It is from a Will therefore, that
the properties owner’s dream will be realized. And for the Will to be
enforceable, it must be in accordance with the stipulated requirements of the
law.
1.2 BACKGROUND
The
importance of Wills in the life of people cannot be overestimated. Death is an
inevitable end of earthly life. We are living witnesses to the destruction of
family units at the end of the patriarch’s life due to disagreement over
inheritance of the deceased estate. Homes have been broken and scattered,
children and relations have become mortal enemies in their struggle to share
the properties of the deceased.
While
it may be true that because of the feud and unending litigation that sometimes
attend some Wills, some of the people have become scared about Wills, the
overwhelming majority are thirsty for knowledge about Wills. They want to know
why they ought to make Wills and their advantages over other manners of
disposition of property in consideration of death. This research work is meant
to be a guideline on how to make Wills that will stand the test of time and
also create awareness in the populace about the importance of Will so as to reduce
the unnecessary issues that arise at the demise of a person without leaving a
Will giving directives as to how to share his property.
1.3 FOCUS OF THE STUDY
From
the foregoing, it can be said that a Will is a testamentary document
enforceable, protected and binding at law. Generally, a WILL must be in writing
and must be executed in a mode prescribed by statute. In some limited
instances, an oral Will may be valid depending on state law. Although the
language of a Will is largely immaterial, a valid disposition of property
requires cerainty as to the property and the individuals or entity receiving
the property. No prescribed form is required for a Will and it is not
essential validity of the Will for the
Will to dispose of all of the testator’s estate. The study focused on the
practice in Nigeria particularly in the south western region.
1.4 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The broad aim of the study is to critically analyze
the writing of a Will and its effect/importance on the society. The specific
objectives are:
1.
To trace
the origin of Will making in Nigeria
2.
To
discuss the importance of Will making in Nigeria
3.
To
critically analyze the legal framework for Will writing in Nigeria with the
motive of giving viable recommendations
The
general nature of a will, types of will and advantages of a will.
To
make a valid Will, a person must be in his or her right mind. A person also
must be of full age, that is to say, be twenty-one years old, and must state
his wishes in writing, signed by himself and attested by two witnesses, who
sign their names at the foot or end of the document in his presence and in the
presence of each other. The witnesses
too must be of full age and in their right mind. Thus, in an indirect way, the
impartiality of the witnesses is as far as possible ensured.
The
interpretation of Wills has given rise to untold litigation, and the rules and
principles that have been developed in the resultant case law fill many volumes
of abstruse and intricate doctrine. The main legal problem therefore centers
around the animosity that flows from different interested parties who appear to
be aggrieved because of the content of the Will thereby giving rise to different
interpretation of the Will.
1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The
scope of this research work is to enunciate more on Wills, and also lay down
the essential factors that will make a Will valid, or invalid. These factors
shall be critically examined.
Will
making remains a popular and even necessary practice because the old law of
intestate succession was felt to be unsatisfactory? To make a valid Will, a
person must be in his or her right mind. A person also must be of full age,
that is to say, be twenty-one years old, and must state his wishes in writing,
signed by himself and attested by two witnesses, who sign their names at the
foot or end of the document in his presence and in the presence of each other.
The witnesses too must be of full age and in their right mind. Thus, in an
indirect way, the impartiality of the witnesses is as far as possible ensured.
While
it may be true that because of the feud and unending litigation that sometimes
attend some Wills, some of the people have become scared about Wills, the
overwhelming majority are thirsty for knowledge about Wills. They want to know
why they ought to make Wills and their advantages over other manners of
disposition of property in consideration of death. This research work is meant
to be a guideline on how to make wills that will stand the test of time.
1.6 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Primary
and secondary sources of information were used. The primary sources being the
statutes and judicial precedence and the secondary sources which data
collection for the purpose of this research work is wholly from library work
which comprise a search in textbooks, journals and jurist opinion.
1.7 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Research has found that there are so many people
eager to know more about Wills. The thirst for knowledge about Wills is on the
increase. A property owner will want to know what will happen to his property
after his death, and would want to distribute his property amongst his loved
ones. This will lead to a preparation of a Will.
It is not enough for a Will to be made because some
Wills could be declared invalid based on certain inconsistencies (this will be
shown in further discuss). Therefore, to have a Valid Will, one must have in
mind the requisites of a Valid Will.
1.8 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
The findings of this study will rebound the to the
benefits of the society considering that Will making plays an important role in
the society today. There has been a great demand for knowledge of Will making
justifies the need for more effective will making. This work will be a guide to
a testator on how to create a valid will. And as for researchers the study will
help them uncover critical areas in which they will find helpful.
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Item Type: Project Material | Attribute: 87 pages | Chapters: 1-5
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