THE EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE NIGERIAN BANKING INDUSTRY

ABSTRACT

This study assesses the impact of organizational development in the Nigerian banking industry using some selected banks in Enugu metropolis. This study tries to ascertain if organizational development affects employee job performance and to formulate recommendations regarding corporate culture. In order to achieve the above objectives, the following questions were asked: Does organizational development have any effect on employee job performance in the Nigerian banking industry? In what ways does corporate culture impact employee job performance? Is the implementation of organizational culture effective in the Nigerian banking industry? Four hypotheses were advanced: (i) There is no positive relationship between organizational development and employee job performance. (ii) Organizational development has no effect on employee job performance.

(iii) The implementation of organizational development has not been effective in the Nigerian banking industry. (iv) Change has not strategically repositioned the Nigerian banking industry. The study uses survey research method. The banks were selected using stratified and simple random sampling techniques. Our respondents were selected using simple random sampling technique. The findings of this study are that organizational development has effect on the Nigerian banking industry, there is a positive relationship between organizational development and employee’s job performance, the implementation of organizational development has been very effective and that change has strategically repositioned the Nigerian banking industry. These findings made the study to accept four alternative hypotheses and reject the null hypotheses because in the four cases, the calculated values of chi-square were greater than the tabulated values.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page

Abstract

Table of Contents

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1       Background of the Study

1.2       Statement of the Problem

1.3       Objectives of the Study

1.4       Research Questions

1.5       Research Hypotheses

1.6       Significance of the Study

1.7       Scope of the Study

1.8       Area of the Study

1.9       Limitations of the Study

            Definition of Terms

            References

CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1       Introduction

2.2       Definition of Organizational Development

2.3       Concept of Organizational Culture

2.4       Change Process as a tool for Organizational Effectiveness: The Nigerian Experience

2.5       Effects of Change Programmes on the Nigerian Economy

2.6       The Importance of Organizational Development

2.7       Challenges and Implications of Organizational Development in the Nigerian Banking Industry

2.8       Summary of Related Literature

            References

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

3.1       Introduction

3.2       Research Design

3.3       Sources of Data

3.4       Population of the Study

3.5       Sample Size and Sampling Techniques

3.6       Instrument for Data Collection

3.7       Validity of Research Instrument

3.8       Method of Data Presentation

3.9       Method of Data Analysis

            References

CHAPTER FOUR: PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA

4.1       Data Presentation

4.2       Testing of Hypotheses

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1       Summary of Findings

5.2       Conclusions

5.3       Recommendations

            Bibliography

            Appendix

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1       BACKGROUND OF STUDY

All organizations need to establish proper governance, management, administration as well as financial structures and systems to ensure that they achieve their goals and objectives effectively and efficiently in the short term, and develop sustainable programme in the long-term (Ukpaka and Olukotun, 2008:1). Organizational Development (OD) is simply the way organizations change and evolve (Evereth, 2008:2). In this wise, organizational change can involve personnel, technology, competition and other areas. Employee learning and formal training, transfers, promotions, terminations and retirements are all examples of personnel related changes. Thus, in the broadest sense, organizational development means organizational change. Organizational development is concerned with the analysis and diagnosis of the factor that determine organizational effectiveness, and the planning and delivery of programmes to increase that effectiveness (Ojo, 2009:389). Organizations want to obtain the commitment of their employees. Management would like its employees to identify with the values, norms and artifacts of the organization, hence the need for organizational culture. Management needs to explain and imbibe its culture in its employees; this will enable the employees to get familiar with the organizational system. During this process of explanation, the employees learn about the organizational culture and decide whether she can cope with it or not. This means that each organization is a learning environment. It is the proper understanding of the organizational culture that the performance of the employees in the organization can be enhanced effectively. Performance is the extent to which an individual is carrying out assignment or task. It refers to the degree of accomplishment or task that makes up an employees job (Cascio, 2006:14). Job performance is the net effect of an employee’s effort as modified by abilities and roles or task perception (Jones, 2003:29). The culture of the organization should be developed to support continuous improvement, improve employee’s style of performing their jobs and thus develop quality awareness. To operate successfully across cultures, it is important to be able to recognize cultural differences and be adaptable (Deter, Schroeder, and Mauriel, 2000:12). Organizational culture finds expression through the thoughts, intentions, actions and interpretations of members of the Organization (Hallett, 2003:1280.This study therefore evaluated the effects of organizational development in Nigerian banking industry.

1.2       STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The introduction of organizational development (OD) is with the view to enhancing employee job performance in the banking industry. Though the advantages and opportunities organizational development offers are very great, but this is not without some problems. The followings are what the study intends to investigate.

i.                  One of the major effects of organizational development in the banking industry is on its downsizing effects on the employees.

ii.                  Internalizing problem- Every individual has different culture and beliefs that she works with and when she joins an organization that has a completely different culture and beliefs from her own, it affects her performance.

iii.                  Resistance to Change- This issue arises due to employer’s uncertainty about the outcome of such change. A lot of reasons were discovered why workers resist change, some of which are; self interest, misunderstanding and lack of trust, different assessments and low tolerance for change.

iv.                  Fear of Cost contributes to organizational development in banking industry. The fear of cost involved in the implementation of change or organizational development is usually very high. Most organizations...

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