ABSTRACT
Waste and improper waste handling is a significant challenge to developing na-tions in the past decade. Studies show that improper disposal of waste has given birth to high rate of morbidity and mortality in a developing society.
Waste is generally known to be generated from range of human and animal activi-ties, production processes to consumption stage and the management of waste has been a major problem in developing countries where generation of waste per unit of output is much higher than that in the developed countries because of inef-ficiency in manufacturing processes.
Furthermore, corruption at all levels in the society is another major predicament toward sustainable development and effective integrated waste management sys-tem in Nigeria. Proper awareness of the citizen toward economic value of waste produced by them can contribute immensely to the proper handling of waste by the people and it will create a greener environment, employment opportunities and generate revenue to the government
Therefore the aims of this project is to review Finnish waste management system being a successful example, in order to establish sustainable and effective waste management in Lagos state and Nigeria as a whole.
In this thesis different literatures were reviewed and analyzed to give the theoreti-cal frame work a concrete foundation to complement the purpose and objectives of the research work. Moreover the study uses both qualitative and quantitative ap-proach for vital information to be extracted from the benchmarked companies. The research shows that sustainable and integrated waste management can as well be achieved in Lagos State if there is proper plan, effective environmental policy and cooperation between Government and the citizens.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
THESIS ABSTRACT
ABBREVIATIONS
TABLES AND FIGURES
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Research problem and boundaries
1.1 Research methodology
2 THEORECTICAL FRAMEWORK
2.1 Waste
2.2 Types of waste
2.2.1 Municipal waste
2.2.2 Industrial Solid Waste
2.2.4 Construction and demolition waste
2.2.5 Commercial and institutional waste
2.4 Impact of waste and waste disposal
2.4.1 Health and environmental impact
2.4.2 Types of environment and health hazard
2.4.3 Environmental Management Plan
2.4.4 Health Risk Management
2.5 Overview of benchmarking theory
2.5.1 Types of benchmarking
2.5.2 Benchmarking best practice
2.5.3 Best Practices Example
2.5.4 Difference between benchmarking and best practices
2.5.5 What distinguishes best practices from benchmarking?
2.6 Sustainable waste management approach
2.6.1The old concern- the conservation of resources
2.6.2 The new concerns – pollution and the deterioration of renewable
2.6.3 Sustainable Waste Management
2.6.5 The concept of Sustainable Waste Management
2.6.6 The concept of Integrated Sustainable Waste Management (ISWM)
3 WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN NIGERIA
3.1 Study area
3.1.1 Solid waste management in Lagos state
3.1.2 Constraints of waste management system in Lagos state
3.2 The role of informal private sector
3.2.1 Problems facing informal Private sectors
3.3 Waste generation in Lagos state
4 FINISH WASTE MANAGEMENT
4.1 Finland waste generation
4.2 Treatment and recovery of waste
4.3 Waste policy and legislation
4.4 Finnish Waste Legislation
4.5 Methodology
4.5.1 Interview result: A description of Lakeuden Etappi Oy activities on waste management in South ostrobothnia
4.5.2 Case company
5 CHALLENGES AND RECOMMENDATION TO LAGOS STATE WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
5.1 Factors
5.2 Policy framework
5.3 Feasibility and evaluation
5.4 Future research
5.5 Study limitation
6 CONCLUSION
BIBLOGRAPHY
CHAPTER ONE
1 INTRODUCTION
Development is incomplete without sustainability. Therefore, it is highly important in a place, organization or any form of habitant. In this modern day world, there is the need for not only development but sustainability of the environment and world in general. There is a massive need for heads to be put together towards this sub-ject “sustainability”. Sustainability is the continuous improvement of a present state without compromising the future state and for the betterment of the future state generation. As a result of the need for sustainability, there comes the emergence of turning waste to wealth for the benefit of the population.
Increasing population, domestic and industrial activities have led to increase in overall waste generation. Therefore, organizations, communities and individuals have to find ways of managing these wastes in order to preserve and benefit from their habitat. Today, the economic value of waste is enormous. It has been man-aged to generate a lot of resources (clean and green power, revenues, employ-ment and other forms of development) and its effective utilization has led to greener environment and less polluted environment. For an economic value of waste to be generated, the government, organizations and individual at a particu-lar setting have to be educated massively on waste management. This is im-portant in order to have good knowledge about the economic importance of waste and cooperate towards acquiring the profitable value.
Therefore, in order for all these aims and objectives to be attained, an updated waste management system and benchmarking examination need to be adopted. More also, necessary steps and actions to accomplished the goals need to be es-tablished. Benchmarking is an important issue to any organization because it gives opportunity to identify, understand and adapt a remarkable practice from an organ-ization considered to be the best in the industry. Similarly, for any waste manage-ment system to be sustainable, a superior, functioning and developed waste management system need to be benchmarked and an outstanding best practices needs to be considered.
Waste can be seen as items that people discard or throw away because it has hazardous properties and it is of no value. There are different categories of waste, for example; Solid waste, Animal by-product, Electronic waste, Food waste, Agri-cultural waste, end of live vehicles and Gas cylinder to mention but a few. All these waste can be recycled in order to reduce pollution such as air, water, land, radio-active and thermal pollution, thereby, making the environment greener and condu-cive for every living object. In addition, recycling can also generate wealth for indi-viduals, organizations and governments. In this manner, it improves the standard and well-being of the people living in a particular environment. Recycling is capa-ble of leading to development in a setting because it reduces waste and at the same time generates wealth. Therefore, the habit of recycling in a proper and standard means have to be employed by all in order to attain a sustainable devel-opment in this modern day world.
1.1 Research problem and boundaries
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the method by which waste management sys-tem in a developed world and be able to determine, manage and utilize the value that lies in waste and sustain it. As a result of this, there will be adequate and de-tail explanations, analysis and research on how sustainable development and benchmarking can be achieved in waste management. In addition, the thesis will focus on educating the community, state, organizations and individuals on method to effectively utilize the values in waste for human and environmental benefits.
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Item Type: Project Material | Attribute: 107 pages | Chapters: 1-5
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