TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgement
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Background of the study
1.1 Statement of the problem
1.2 Objective of the study
1.3 Research question
1.4 Significance of the study
1.5 Scope and limitation of the study
1.6 Definition of terms
REFERENCES
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Theoretical frame work of the study
2.2 Application of management by objective
2.3 Two major school of thought
2.4 Management by objectives and result model
2.5 Elements of the management by objective system
2.6 Historical background of the study
REFERENCES
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Research design and methodology
3.1 Research design
3.2 Sources of data
3.3 Population of the study
3.4 Sampling design and determination of sample size
3.5 Method of data collection
3.6 Method of presentation and analysis
REFERENCES
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.0 Data presentation
4.1 Demographic characteristic
4.2 Presentation according to the key research questions
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary of findings
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendations
Bibliography
Questionnaire
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION:
1.0 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Management needs a lot of tools to be able to administer effectively in the day to day running of the business. Management by objectives is one of such tools. It is a way of getting improved results in managerial action. Management by objectives can be described as a managerial method where by the superior and the subordinate managers in an organization identify major areas of responsibility, in which they will work, set some standards for good or bad performance and the measurement of results against those standards Derek (2005:156).
Management by objective is also called Managing By Objectives. However, there have been certain individuals who have long placed emphasis on management by objectives and by so doing have given impetus to its development as a system. Management by objectives refers to a structured management technique of setting goals for any organizational unit.
George S. Odiorne (1981:1) in his book management by objectives defined this concept as “a system of management whereby the superior and subordinate jointly identify objectives, define individual major areas of responsibility in terms of results expected, and use these objectives and expected results as guides for operating the unit and assessing the contribution of each of its member. Besides, Odiorne points out that management by objectives is a “system of management” an overall frame work used to guide the organizational unit and outline its direction. He went further to point out that “the superior and subordinate jointly identify objectives”. In other words, it is a participative management procedure that requires commitment and co-operation. The definition deals with identifying the “results” that are expected. Thus management by objectives concentrates on the output of the organisation....
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