ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CATFISH PRODUCTION IN KUJE AREA COUNCIL OF THE FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY, ABUJA, NIGERIA

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page

Abstract

Table of Content

CHAPTER ONE

            INTRODUCTION

1.1       Background Information

1.2       Problem Statement

1.3       Objectives of the Study

1.4       Justification of the Study

1.5       Research Hypothesis

CHAPTER TWO

            LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1       Conceptualization of Catfish Farming

2.2       Catfish Management and Management Systems

2.3       Cobb Douglas Production Function (CDPF)

2.4       Review of Empirical Studies on Catfish Farming

CHAPTER THREE

            METHODOLOGY

3.1       Study Area

3.2       Sampling Technique

3.3       Method of Data Collection

3.4       Analytical Techniques

3.4.1    Descriptive Statistics

3.4.2    Net Farm Income

3.4.3    The Stochastic Frontier Production Function

3.4.4    T- test statistics

CHAPTER FOUR

            RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4.1       Socio-economic Characteristics of the Catfish Farmers

4.1.1    Age

4.1.2    Gender            of Catfish Farmers

4.1.3    Educational Level

4.1.4    Membership of Cooperative Organisation

4.1.5    Farming Experience

4.1.6    Main Occupation of Catfish farmers

4.1.7    Access to Credit of Catfish farmers

4.1.8    Access to Extension Contact by Catfish Farmers

4.1.9    Household size of Catfish Farmers

4.2       Profitability Analysis of Catfish Production

4.2.1    Cost and Returns from Catfish Farming

4.2.1.1 Total Variable Cost (TVC) of Catfish Farming

4.2.1.2 Total Fixed Cost of Catfish Farming

4.2.1.3 Total Cost of Catfish Farming

4.2.1.4 Gross Output of Catfish Farming

4.2.1.5 Net Farm Income of Catfish Farming

4.2.2    Hypothesis Testing

4.3       Efficiency Measurement of Catfish Production using Stochastic Frontier Function

4.3.1    Technical Efficiency

4.3.2    Determinants of Technical Inefficiency in Catfish Farming

4.3.3    Allocative Efficiency

4.3.4    Allocative Inefficiency

4.4       Distribution of Efficiencies

4.5       Constraints to Catfish Farming

4.5.1    High Cost of Feed

4.5.2    Water Inadequacy

4.5.3    Capital Insufficiency

4.5.4    Weed and Rodent Attack

4.5.5    Expensive Labour

4.5.6    Financial Problem

4.5.7    Market Unavailability

4.5.8    Bad Road

4.5.9    Poor Disease Management

CHAPTER FIVE

            SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1       Summary

5.2       Conclusion

5.3       Recommendations

REFERENCES

Appendix

ABSTRACT

This study examined the profitability and efficiency of catfish production in Kuje Area Council of the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria. Purposive random sampling technique was used to sample 60 catfish farmers from whom the primary data used were collected with the aid of structured questionnaire. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, net farm income and stochastic frontier production function. The study revealed that the mean age, household size and fish farming experience of the respondents were 42 years, 11 and 6 years respectively. Most (86.7%) of the respondents were male (86.7%). Catfish farming was found to be profitable with net farm income of ₦1,772,195.00. The mean technical, allocative and economic efficiencies were 73%, 59% and 43% respectively. The study also showed that economic efficiency of catfish farmers in the study area can be improved substantially(57%) with more improvement in cost allocation. Major constraints encountered by catfish farmers were high cost of feed, water inadequacy, capital insufficiency and rodent attack. The study recommended that local feed research that would help reduce cost of feed should be encouraged.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1               Background to the Study

The increase in human population coupled with large numbers of undernourished people, especially in developing countries, have made the need for food production a major worldwide issue of concern (Okechi, 2004). Studies have showed that there is a limit to world’s natural stocks of fish and shell fish, though renewable, have finite production limits, which cannot be exceeded even under the best management regimes. Hence, the maximum sustainable fishing limit in natural waters has been exceeded (FAO, 2000). Therefore, fish production will depend on aquaculture to bridge the demand-supply gap of fish.

According to (FAO 2006) production in capture fisheries is stagnating and aquaculture output is expanding faster than any other animal-based food sector worldwide, particularly in developing countries. It contributes nearly a third of the world’s supply of fish products and

China and other Asian countries are by far the largest producers. Unlike terrestrial farming, where the bulk of the production is based on a limited number of species, aquaculture produces more than 220 species; of these species, catfish, carps, tilapia and related fish form the largest group in terms of quantity while other groups include aquatic plants and mollusc (FAO 2006).

Out of 35 grams of animal protein per day per person recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), less than 7 grams is consumed on the average. Many Nigerians suffer from protein deficiency due to low animal protein uptake (Emmanuel and Omotoriogun, 2010). According to Ojo (2008), a small amount of fish is an important dietary supplement for people who cannot easily afford other sources of animal protein.

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