ABSTRACT
This research was designed to investigate the factors
militating against the teaching and learning of Science and Technology in
Secondary Schools. It is a survey of the Government/Public Secondary Schools in
Enugu Education zone. There are three Local Government Areas that make up Enugu
Education zone. They are Enugu East Local Government Area, Enugu North Local
Government Area and Isiuzo Local Government Area. Out of these Local
Governments, a random selection was made in order to pick the schools for the study
since there are about 35 public/Government Schools in the zone. A random
selection of schools was made from each of the Local Government Areas in Enugu
Education Zone.
TABLE OF
CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
of the study
1.2 Statement
of problem
1.3 Objective
of the study
1.4 Research
Hypotheses
1.5 Significance
of the study
1.6 Scope and
limitation of the study
1.7 Definition
of terms
1.8 Organization
of the study
CHAPETR TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPETR THREE
3.0 Research
methodology
3.1 Sources
of data collection
3.3 Population
of the study
3.4 Sampling
and sampling distribution
3.5 Validation
of research instrument
3.6 Method of
data analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
4.1 Introductions
4.2 Data analysis
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Summary
5.3 Conclusion
5.4 Recommendation
Appendix
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1.
Background of the study
The role of
science and technology in a nation’s development cannot be over-emphasized.
Science and Technology have become the basic tools for the development of
modern society; a measure of the development of a nation can be ascertained
from the quantity and quality of its basic and applied scientific output J.C.
Amazigo (2005). The development of a nation depends largely on the level of
scientific and technological literacy (Ivowi 1993, Okebukola 1999 and Ukpene
(2005). Science is indispensable to the technological development of any
nation. According to Okecha (1993), science has helped in the development of
Modern technology through the application of its principles to Modern
invention A nation that neither develops a scientifically literate
citizenry nor attracts its best minds to the basic sciences and technology is
doomed to remain underdeveloped no matter its natural resources. Any nation
with ambitions for development must have its home grown expertise in science
and technology. Nigeria’s policy makers and scientific and
technological communities appear to understand and may be accept these basic
axioms but they have not taken adequate evolutionary steps to identify, solve
and address the major factors militating against the teaching and learning of
Science and Technology. For about two decades now, it had become clear
that Nigeria’s educational system had been deficient in the production of
adequate number of competent man power in science and technology to man Nigeria
schools, colleges, universities and industries. Students’
performance in sciences in both Junior School certificate examination (JSCE)
and senior school certificate examination (SSCE) results for more than 20 years
have persistently been poor in public examinations conducted by examination
bodies like NECO, WAEC, NABTEB and JAMB. A number of teaching methods have
been used by science and technology teachers in the past. Such methods as
discussion, questioning, guided discovery, exposition, etc. studies have shown
that these methods have not yet yielded expected results (Abimbola and
Okebukola 1998 and 2001, Inomiesa and Unuero 2003, Ukpene 2004 and WAEC Chief
Examiners’ report 1998, 1991, 2002 and 2003. Efforts must be made by the
science teachers and technology teachers to make students acquire meaningful
learning in science and technology by making the teaching of science and
technology subjects exciting, purposeful and participatory. These calls for the
use of an instructional method that would make students develop adequate
assimilation and understanding of the concept taught and acquires process
skills in science and technology.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Common
observations indicate in alarming rate the certification of unemployable
science, technology and mathematics graduates who prefer paper certificates to
knowledge and skills required for the survival of an individual and the entire
society. This trend has really caused the phobia for and lack of interest in
Mathematics, Science and Technology and led to uncontrollable examination mal
practice in our total school system. Conspicuous gross incompetence of the
science, technology and mathematics teachers in handling science, technology
and mathematics mislead the students and the society at large to think that it
is very difficult to study sciences, technology and Mathematics. This
incompetence has led to the certification of people better referred to as
Ignoramuses since no one can give what the one does not have. This condition if
not checked in any society threatens to destroy completely society order, man
power and national development among other things and replace them with
social crime, underdevelopment and other vices.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The study aims at
determining the factors militating against the teaching and learning of science
and technology in secondary schools. Specifically, it will address the
following:
1. To
ascertain the attitudes of students to mathematics, sciences and technology and
the reasons for the poor performances in mathematics, sciences and technology
among secondary school students.
2. to
ascertain the apparent irrationality on reaction to mathematics, science and
technology and the students’ rating of Mathematics, sciences and technology.
3. to
ascertain the background of mathematics, science and technology teachers
as one of the factors militating against the teaching and learning of science
and technology.
1.4 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
Ho: The academic background of
teachers has no big influence on learners’ academic achievement in science and
technology.
Hi: The academic background of teachers
has a very big influence on learners’ academic achievement in science and
technology.
Ho: the background of mathematics, science and
technology teachers is not one of the factors militating against the teaching
and learning of science and technology
Hi. the background of mathematics, science and
technology teachers as one of the factors militating against the teaching and
learning of science and technology
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The findings of the study
will be useful to a number of people in different parts of the country. The
beneficiaries of this study will include: the learners, teachers, parents, the
ministries of education, policy makers in science and technology education matters
who would want to produce outstanding personalities, the Teachers Registration
Council of Nigeria (TRCN), colleges of Education, Universities and industries
among others. The society at large will actualize the goals and aims set in
education if the hypothesis of this study is supported by the findings and the
recommendations implemented by the government, school authorities and other
necessary bodies.
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